Key facts: Tanzania
Last updated: July 2008
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- Population:
39 million (World Development Indicators (WDI),
2006).
- Average life expectancy:
52 years (WDI, 2006). UK: 78 years (UN
Statistics Division (UNSD), 2007).
- Average per capita income:
US$350 (WDI, 2006). UK: US$69,560 (£37,600)
(World Bank development data, 2005).
- Gross national income (GNI):
US$13 billion (WDI, 2006).
- Average annual growth rate:
6% (WDI, 2006).
- Percentage of people not meeting
daily food needs: 19% below the food
poverty line (Household Budget Survey,
2001).
- Women dying in childbirth:
578 per 100,000 live births (Demographic and
Health Survey, 2004). UK: 13 per 100,000 (UNSD,
2007).
- Children dying before age 5:
112 per 1,000 live births (Demographic and
Health Survey, 2004). UK: 6 per 1,000 (UNSD,
2005).
- Percentage of children receiving primary school
education: 97% (Ministry of Education
and Vocational Training, 2007).
- Percentage of people aged 15-49
living with HIV/AIDS: 7% (Tanzania
HIV Indicator Survey, 2004). UK: 0.2% (UNSD,
2005).
- Percentage of people with access to
safe, clean water: 62% (WDI, 2004).
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DFID: Working to reduce poverty in Tanzania
Governance | Health
| Education | Safe water
| Growth
| Millennium Development Goals
In the past five years, Tanzania has received US$6 billion in aid,
of which DFID has given US$900 million (approximately £500 million).
In 2007-08, we provided £120 million, £105 million of it as
Poverty Reduction Budget
Support (PRBS) to the government of Tanzania. DFID is one of 14
PRBS donors in Tanzania, and the combined funds work to help the
government deliver its growth and poverty reduction plan (known
locally as Mkukuta).
People suffer when governments don’t allow citizens to
participate in political life, provide access to justice, deliver
adequate public services or control corruption. Serious problems
with governance still exist in Tanzania but there are areas of
improvement.
Through its work with the Tanzanian government, DFID is:
- funding reforms of the public service and public financial
management systems, including improving procurement and
strengthening the National Audit Office
- supporting efforts to strengthen civic education, oversight
bodies and the capacity of political institutions – Parliament,
election bodies and political parties – to promote
accountability
- providing core funding to civil society organisations that
help hold the government to account by taking part in processes
such as public expenditure reviews on health and education
- helping the media to increase quality investigative and
public journalism in order to contribute to public debate and
ensure that the public’s demands for greater accountability are
heard.
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Spending on health has more than quadrupled to $350 million since
2000, with the following results:
- a fall in under-5 mortality rates by almost a quarter
- a 23% reduction in the proportion of under-5s with fever
- a rise in the rate of vaccination against diphtheria, pertussis
(whooping cough) and tetanus, from 81% to 87%.
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Spending on education has quadrupled to $735 million since 2000,
with the result that:
- there are now 4 million more children in school
- the number of teachers has increased by almost a half
- the number of schools has increased by a third.
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Spending on safe water has increased from $17 million to $150
million since 2000, and a safe water supply now reaches 56% of the
population in the countryside, while in urban areas, it reaches 78%.
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DFID works with the government of Tanzania to improve the
business environment and stimulate economic growth through:
- support for the Business Environment Strengthening for
Tanzania (BEST) programme to reduce red tape and improve the way
government offers its services to the private sector
- funding programmes with the Central Bank, commercial banks and
other players to expand access for as many Tanzanians as possible to
the financial services they need to improve their lives
- co-funding work to improve the competitiveness of small and
medium-sized enterprises in key sectors.
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Tanzania is making good progress towards several of the MDGs,
although it lags behind in quite a few areas.
MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
The percentage of children under 5 who are underweight fell from
29% to 22% between 1999 and 2004.
MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education
Abolition of school fees in 2001 has resulted in an increase in the
number of children enrolled in primary school from 4.4 million in
2000 to 8 million in 2006. About 96% of children aged 7 to 13 are
now enrolled in school.
MDG 3: Promote gender equality and empower women
Broadly equal numbers of boys and girls are enrolled in primary
school.
MDG 4: Reduce child mortality
Infant mortality fell from 99 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1999
to 68 in 2004.
MDG 5: Improve maternal health
Maternal mortality rates are extremely high and levels have changed
little in the last 20 years.
MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
More than 1 million adults - 7% of the population - are infected
with HIV/AIDS.
MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Access to clean water is improving slowly but the speed of progress
will need to increase to meet this MDG.
MDG 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Part of this MDG aims to make available the benefits of new
technologies, including communications. In Tanzania, the number of
mobile phone subscribers increased rapidly from 6 for every 100
people in 2004 to 15 in 2006.
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